初情日龄对美系大白母猪繁殖性能的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2018.11.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在探究母猪初情日龄对其主要繁殖性能的影响。本研究共选用美系大白母猪923头，观察并记录了母猪初情日龄及其各胎次的总产仔数、产活仔数、健仔数和出生窝重，然后将母猪根据初情日龄的早晚分为4组，Ⅰ组：≤200日龄、Ⅱ组：201～215日龄、Ⅲ组：216～230日龄及Ⅳ组：>230日龄，对各试验组母猪的第1胎、第2胎、第3胎及综合3胎后数据和综合6胎主要繁殖性能的数据进行比较分析。结果表明：1）Ⅳ组母猪头胎总产仔数为12.05，显著高于Ⅰ组母猪头胎总产仔数的11.45（P<0.05），其他繁殖性状没有显著差异；2）Ⅱ组母猪第2胎的总产仔数和产活仔数分别为11.84和11.40，显著高于Ⅰ组母猪的总产仔数11.09和产活仔数10.66（P<0.05）；3）3胎和综合3胎后母猪Ⅱ组总产仔数、产活仔数和健仔数分别为12.47、11.82和11.48，显著高于Ⅳ组的总产仔数11.89、产活仔数11.22和健仔数10.85（P<0.05）；4）Ⅱ组母猪前6胎平均产仔总数、平均产活仔数和平均产健仔数分别为74.23、71.41和68.86，显著高于Ⅳ组母猪的前6胎平均产仔总数70.48、平均产活仔数67.32和平均产健仔数64.86（P<0.05）。综合比较，初情期日龄较早的母猪具有更好的繁殖性能（最佳日龄为201～215）。本研究通过挖掘出该群体后备母猪的最佳初情日龄和初配日龄，为后备母猪的挑选和猪场生产的应用提供了理论基础。

Abstract:

In order to explore the effect of age at puberty on reproductive performance in Yorkshire sows,the data including the total number of born (TNB), the number of born alive (NBA), number of healthy piglets (NHP) and litter birth weight (LBW) of 923 American line Yorkshire sows were recorded and analyzed. According to the days gilts reached puberty, we divided replacement gilts into 4 groups (Group Ⅰ: ≤ 200 d, Group Ⅱ:201-215 d, Group Ⅲ:216-230 d and Group Ⅳ:>230 d) to discuss the influence for sow's reproductive performance. The results showed that:1)the TNB of group Ⅳ in the first parity was 12.05, which was significantly higher than that of Group Ⅰ (11.45, P<0.05), there was no significant difference in other reproductive traits; 2)in second parity, the TNB and NBA in group Ⅱ were 11.84 and 11.40 respectively, which was significantly higher than 11.09 and 10.66 in group Ⅰ (P<0.05); 3)in third and after third parity, the TNB, NBA and NHP in group Ⅱ were 12.47, 11.82 and 11.48 respectively, which were significantly higher than those in group Ⅳ with 11.89, 11.22, 10.85 (P<0.05); 4)the average TNB, NBA and NHP of the first 6 parities in group Ⅱ were 74.23, 71.41 and 68.86 respectively, which were significantly higher than those of group Ⅳ with 70.48, 67.32 and 64.86 (P<0.05). The result indicated that the reproductive performances of early puberty gilts, especially when the puberty ages between 201-215 days,was significantly better than later puberty sows. In conclusion,the best age in days of puberty and first-mating,we found provides a theoretical basis for the selection of replacement gilts and the application of pig farm production.

中图分类号:

S828.2

郭红洲, 朱淋, 张龙超, 颜华, 王立刚, 侯欣华, 高红梅, 赵福平, 刘欣, 王立贤. 初情日龄对美系大白母猪繁殖性能的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2018, 49(11): 2402-2408.

GUO Hong-zhou, ZHU Lin, ZHANG Long-chao, YAN Hua, WANG Li-gang, HOU Xin-hua, GAO Hong-mei, ZHAO Fu-ping, LIU Xin, WANG Li-xian. The Effect of Age at Puberty on Reproductive Performance in Yorkshire Sows[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2018, 49(11): 2402-2408.

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